Effects of ethylenediamine to water ratios on cadmium sulfide nanorods and nanoparticles produced by a solvothermal method

Cadmium sulfide nanorods and nanoparticles were successfully produced by a solvothermal reaction at 200 °C for 24 h using ethylenediamine and water as pure and mixed solvents. The products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. In pure ethylenediamine, they show the hexagonal structure CdS nanorods with 0.2–2 μm long and 30 nm diameter, and the 1LO and 2LO modes at 299.36 and 600.72 cm− 1, respectively. Growth of CdS nanorods is along the [001] direction, interpreted by HRTEM images and SAED patterns. In the 50:50 vol.% of ethylenediamine:water mixed solvents, the length of CdS nanorods decreased to 100–200 nm. The CdS nanoparticles were produced when pure water was used.