Influence of Cu2O surface treatment on the photovoltaic properties of Al-doped ZnO/Cu2O solar cells

Low cost Al-doped ZnO (AZO)/Cu2O Schottky barrier solar cells with a high conversion efficiency of 2.19% were fabricated by depositing a transparent conducting AZO thin film on high quality Cu2O sheets prepared by thermally oxidizing copper sheets. To achieve efficiencies higher than 2%, it is necessary to form the AZO thin film at a low deposition temperature using a low-damage deposition method, i.e., at room temperature by a pulsed laser deposition. In addition, the obtained efficiency could be enhanced with a surface treatment of the Cu2O sheets, such as by applying a Pd–Sn catalyst layer as a coating or a rapid thermal annealing treatment at approximately 500 °C in air.