Rapid thermal melted TiO2 nano-particles into ZnO nano-rod and its application for dye sensitized solar cells

TiO2 nano-particles with an anchored ZnO nano-rod structure were synthesized using the hydrothermal method to grow ZnO nano-rods and coated TiO2 nano-particles on ZnO nano-rods using the rapid thermal annealing method on ITO conducting glass pre-coated with nano porous TiO2 film. The XRD study showed that there was little difference in crystal composition for various types of TiO2 nano-particles anchored to ZnO nano-rods. The as-prepared architecture was characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Films with TiO2 nano-particles anchored to ZnO nano-rods were used as electrode materials to fabricate dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The best solar energy conversion efficiency of 2.397% was obtained by modified electrode material, under AM 1.5 illumination, achieved up to Jsc = 15.382 mA/cm2, Voc = 0.479 V and fill factor = 32.8%.