Investigation of hole states near the Fermi level in Nb1−xMgxB2 by electron energy-loss spectroscopy and first-principles calculations

The fine structures of the electron energy-loss spectra (EELS) for the B-K edge have been examined in NbB2 and superconducting Nb0.75Mg0.25B2. The experimental results are analyzed based on the calculations of density functional theory (DFT) using the Wien2k code. The results of the EELS spectra and the angular decomposition of the density of states (DOS) reveal that both the B pz and B px+py states in NbB2 have large weights at the Fermi energy due to intersheet covalent bonding with notable hybridization between the Nb 4d and B 2p states. This kind of hybridization also results in different core-hole behaviors for the B-K edge in two orthogonal crystallographic orientations. The best fit between experimental and theoretical data is achieved with consideration of the core-hole effect of the B 1 s states, in particular for the q⊥c spectra. Analysis of the electronic structure of the Nb1−xMgxB2 superconductors suggests that confinement of the intersheet covalent bonding is likely to be favorable for the improvement of superconductivity in this kind of materials.