Alternative international cooperation in space development for Japan-Need for more cost-effective space application projects

The Japan Aeronautical Exploration Agency (JAXA) revealed its new vision in 2005. Although the vision presents a few novel ideas, it is doubtful whether Japan could implement so many diversified space projects. Taking into account Japan's factor endowments and comparative advantage, it would be better if Japan could pursue alternative meaningful space development projects. For that purpose, a number of proposals will be made. This paper also stresses the importance of promoting international cooperation projects in space development and application areas, particularly the need for more regional cooperation in Asia. In addition, more utilization of ODA for space development and application projects is also suggested. A new paradigm toward more meaningful space development and applications will be presented.