Safe operation of inverted siphon during ice period

Sixteen inverted siphons are in operation at the Beijing-Shijiazhuang section in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Their safe operation is closely related to the safety and the water diversion efficiency of the whole project during an ice period. The ice accumulation process at the inlet of the inverted siphon is modeled under a real ice condition, and then the hydraulic conditions of the ice jam prevention are confirmed. According to the experimental results and the design sizes of the inverted siphons, the detailed safe water diversion discharge and the operational water level are studied. Analysis results of these inverted siphons provide references for the safe operation and the reasonable regulations during the ice period.