Optimal operation of RO system with daily variation of freshwater demand and seawater temperature

•Model based optimal design and operation of RO desalination process is presented.•Variable water demand and feed temperature leads to different design and operation.•Intermediate storage tank offers flexible operation and scheduling opportunity.

The optimal operation policy of flexible RO systems is studied in this work. The design and operation of RO process is optimized and controlled considering variations in water demands and changing seawater temperature throughout the day. A storage tank is added to the system layout to provide additional operational flexibility and to ensure the availability of freshwater to customer at all times. A steady state model for the RO process is developed and linked with a dynamic model for the storage tank. The membrane modules are divided into a number of groups to add flexibility in operation to RO network. The total operating cost of the RO process is minimized in order to find the optimal layout and operating variables at discreet time intervals for three design scenarios.