Hybrid membrane/cryogenic separation of oxygen from air for use in the oxy-fuel process

The process of oxy-fuel combustion requires the separation of oxygen from air on a large scale for use in the combustion chamber. This separation is currently done through energy intensive cryogenic distillation. To reduce the overall energy requirements for air separation it is examined whether a hybrid membrane and cryogenic process be utilized instead. The examined process uses an O2/N2 permeable membrane to create oxygen enriched air. This enriched air is then turned into high purity oxygen using cryogenic distillation. Several arrangements of such a system are investigated and compared on a practical and thermodynamic level to the current cryogenic process in use. It is found that using a vacuum pump arrangement to draw air through the membrane has potential to reduce energy requirements from the current standard. It is also found that the hybrid system is more productive in small to medium scale applications than in large scale applications because of the increased irreversibilities in the cryogenic process at smaller scales.