Utilization of alternative materials in lightweight composites

This paper reports on the possibility of using natural renewable materials (hemp fibers and wood cellulose) in the preparation of lightweight composites. The reduction of carbon dioxide production during the manufacture of cement is one of the major aims of the building industry. Therefore, the effect of using different binding agents in combination with hemp slices in composites was examined. Conventional binders (such as hydrated lime and cement) in hemp concrete were replaced by alternative materials such as MgO and zeolite. The experimental examination of selected mechanical properties indicated that using zeolite as a cement replacement does not appear to create mechanically stronger hemp concrete. On the other hand, the magnesium oxide-cement system, based on optimally milled magnesium oxide, appears to be a suitable replacement for cement in lightweight composites, which could lead to new environmental products such as non-load bearing building materials. Wood cellulose is another very interesting material as a possible reinforcement in cement; it is a biodegradable, renewable, inexpensive, readily available natural resource, and it contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gases.