Break of reciprocity principle due to localized nonlinearities in concrete

The effects of localized nonlinearities on the reciprocity principle in the context of ultrasounds and nonlinear elasticity are discussed in this paper. Experiments will be presented to prove that a localized crack in a concrete beam causes a break of reciprocity in the ultrasonic response to a mechanical excitation. The link between non-reciprocity and asymmetry in the nonlinear response will be demonstrated and discussed as a tool for NonDestructive Evaluation.

► We study reciprocity of ultrasonic signals in (non)linear elastic materials. ► We show that reciprocity principle breaks with localized nonlinearities. ► Non reciprocity linearly depends on the relative position scatterer/transducers. ► Break of reciprocity con be exploited in crack detection and location.