Geophysical consequences of planetary-scale impacts into a Mars-like planet

► Surface curvature, large impactor, deeper penetration affect the geophysical consequences. ► Much of the produced melt is at depth, thus the surface is usually not reset. ► Due to planetary curvature, the ejecta is further distributed and often no rim forms. ► While slower impacts accrete, faster impacts result in net erosion of the target. ► Large, end-of-accretion impactors can spin up the planet to a period of < 1 day.