Lower ionosphere electron density profiling with data from VLF receivers

•We use the data from VLF receivers to estimate Wait's parameters.•Two different transmitters and receivers at two different places along the signal path are necessary.•A very simple approach using long waveguide with highly conductive walls is used.•Calculated values are in very good agreement with empirical predictions.

In this work we present the method for estimation of Wait's parameters H′H′ and β directly from measured electrical intensities of distant VLF transmitters. A very simple approach using Earth-ionosphere waveguide with highly conductive walls is used.