Numerical simulation of the global distributions of the horizontal and vertical wind in the middle atmosphere using a given neutral gas temperature field

The mathematical model of the global neutral wind system in the Earth's middle atmosphere is described. The model produces three-dimensional global distributions of the zonal, meridional, and vertical components of the neutral gas velocity and density in the middle atmosphere. The characteristic feature of the model is that the all three components of the neutral gas velocity are obtained by means of a numerical solution of the appropriate momentum equations for a viscous gas. The hydrostatic equation, usually utilized in the global circulation models, is not used in the new model. Another characteristic feature of the model is that the model does not include the internal energy equation for the neutral gas. Instead, the global temperature field is assumed to be a given distribution, i.e. the input parameter of the model, and obtained from one of the existing empirical models. The model is applied in order to investigate the formation of the middle atmosphere circulation, in particular, the large-scale circumpolar vortices.