Magnetic resonance imaging by using nano-magnetic particles

•This paper studies the physics of MRI as a powerful diagnostic technique.•MRI uses the differentiation between healthy and pathological tissues.•The relaxation times can be shortened by the use of a magnetic contrast agent.•The magnetic nanoparticles act as contrast agents, helping to increase the resolution.•Different synthesis methods can influence the magnetic resonance behavior.

Magnetism and magnetic materials play a major role in various biological applications, such as magnetic bioseparation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hyperthermia treatment of cancer and drug delivery. Among these techniques, MRI is a powerful method not only for diagnostic radiology but also for therapeutic medicine that utilizes a magnetic field and radio waves. Recently, this technique has contributed greatly to the promotion of the human quality life. Thus, this paper presents a short review of the physical principles and recent advances of MRI, as well as providing a summary of the synthesis methods and properties of contrast agents, like different core materials and surfactants.