Study of hydrogen bonding and thermodynamic behavior in water–1,4-dioxane mixture using time domain reflectometry

A picosecond time domain reflectometry (TDR) technique was used to measure complex permittivity of water–dioxane mixtures in frequency range of 10–30 GHz covering entire concentrations range and in temperature range of 0–25 °C. The Luzar theoretical model is used to compute the binding energies and average number of hydrogen bond for water–water and water–dioxane molecules. The number of hydrogen bond density is found to be maximum for the mixture with water concentration Xw=0.7. The negative values of the excess parameters suggest significant heteromolecular hydrogen bonding interactions between water and dioxane molecules. The relationships between hydrogen bond density as obtained by the Luzar model and excess dielectric parameters is also discussed.