In silico imaging: Definition, possibilities and challenges

The capability to simulate the imaging performance of new detector concepts is crucial to develop the next generation of medical imaging systems. Proper modeling tools allow for optimal designs that maximize image quality while minimizing patient and occupational radiation doses. In this context, in silico imaging has become an emerging field of imaging research. This paper reviews current progress and challenges in the simulation of imaging systems with a focus on Monte Carlo approaches to X-ray detector modeling, acceleration approaches, and validation strategies.