The pp→ppπππpp→ppπππ reaction channels in the threshold region

The cross section for direct neutral and charged three pion production in pp   interactions was measured at excess energies in the range 160–216 MeV. That comprises the first measurement of the pp→ppπ0π0π0pp→ppπ0π0π0 reaction and the direct comparison with the pp→ppπ+π−π0pp→ppπ+π−π0 process. The experiment was performed above the η   meson production threshold and the cross section could be directly normalized to the cross section of the pp→ppηpp→ppη reaction, with the η   decaying into 3 pions. Since the same final states are selected, the measurement has a low systematical error. The measured cross section ratio σ(pp→ppπ+π−π0)/σ(pp→ppπ0π0π0)σ(pp→ppπ+π−π0)/σ(pp→ppπ0π0π0) is compared to predictions of dominance of different isobars in the intermediate state.