Temperature definition for a finite number of classical spin-half particles: A canonical ensemble approach

A canonical ensemble for non-interacting classical spin-half systems containing small number of particles is developed to deal with the definition of temperature based upon the equal a priori probabilities which is the fundamental hypothesis of the statistical mechanics. When the number of spins is finite, the temperature of the system differs from that of bath, and the difference stays almost the same above a turning temperature and gets larger rapidly as the temperature decreases below it.