Passive transport of atomic gases within a vortex tube induced by a noise wave

Derivations of the entrainment of atomic gases induced by a surface wave (SW) propagating along the wall or interface of the vortex core in a rather long straight vortex-tube (vortex or vorticity filament) are conducted. The values of the critical reflux pressure-gradient for time-averaged macroscopic flows of molecular gases decrease as the Knudsen number increases from zero. Stronger nonlinear coupling due to the boundary effect and the streaming flow of the atomic gases is observed as the Reynolds number increases to 50 and the wave number of the surface wave is larger.