Preparation of novel electrochemical glucose biosensors for whole blood based on antibiofouling polyurethane-heparin nanoparticles

In this paper, the novel polyurethane-heparin nanoparticles (PU-Hep NPs) were synthesized and used to establish an amperometric glucose biosensor that can be applied in whole blood directly, which was based on the antibiofouling property of PU-Hep NPs. More details of preparation of PU-Hep NPs, immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOx) on (PU-Hep)/glass carbon electrode (GCE) and its electrochemical behavior in whole blood were presented. The cyclic voltammetric results indicated that GOx immobilized on the PU-Hep NPs exhibited direct electron transfer reaction, and the cyclic voltammogram (CV) displayed a pair of well-defined and nearly symmetric redox peaks with a formal potential of −408 mV. The biosensor had good electrocatalytic activity toward glucose with a low detection limit 1.4 × 10−5 M in whole blood. The glucose biosensor did not respond to ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) at their concentration normally encountered in blood. The development of materials science will bring a new momentum to electrical analysis.