Lymphoma-associated dysimmune polyneuropathies

•Lymphoma is a group of lymphatic system malignancies.•A complex inter-relationship exists between lymphoma and autoimmunity.•Peripheral nervous system abnormalities occur in 5% of lymphoma patients.•Autoimmune neuropathy occurs rarely in lymphoma patients.•Accurate neuropathy diagnosis is important for correct treatment plan.

Lymphoma consists of a variety of malignancies of lymphocyte origin. A spectrum of clinical peripheral neuropathy syndromes with different disease mechanisms occurs in about 5% of lymphoma patients. There exists a complex inter-relationship between lymphoproliferative malignancies and autoimmunity. An imbalance in the regulation of the immune system presumably underlies various immune-mediated neuropathies in patients with lymphoma. This article reviews lymphoma and more-or-less well-defined dysimmune neuropathy subgroups that are caused by humoral and/or cell-mediated immune disease mechanisms directed against known or undetermined peripheral nerve antigens.