Association between beta-1 adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism and ischemic stroke in North Indian population: A case control study

Highlight•Ser49Gly polymorphism of beta-1 receptor might increase risk for the LVD subtype of stroke.•Arg389Gly position of beta-1 receptor might confer an elevated risk of developing SVD.•Haplotypes, Gly49–Arg389 and Gly49–Gly389 may confer an increased risk of ischemic stroke.•Larger prospective studies are required for confirmation of these findings.

Stroke is a multi-factorial disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of this case control study was to determine the relationship of beta-1 adrenergic receptor polymorphism with ischemic stroke in North Indian population. In this study, 224 patients and 224 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited from the outpatient department and neurology ward of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Genotyping was performed by using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. PCR results were confirmed by DNA sequencing. Frequency distributions of genotypes and alleles were compared between cases and controls using logistic regression. Mean age of cases and controls was 53.9 ± 13.4 and 53.6 ± 12.9 years respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed an independent association between Ser49Gly polymorphism and ischemic stroke under a dominant model of inheritance (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.2 to 5) and large vessel disease (LVD) under a recessive model of inheritance (OR, 6.5; 95% CI, 1.7 to 23; P = 0.005). Independent association of Arg389Gly polymorphism with small vessel disease (SVD) (OR, 7.09; 95% CI, 1.9 to 25; P = 0.003) under recessive model of inheritance. The findings of the present study Ser49Gly polymorphism of the ADRB1 gene confer higher risk of ischemic stroke in a North Indian population and especially in patients with LVD. Our findings also show that Arg389Gly polymorphism of ADRB1 confers higher risk of SVD in North Indian population.