Zinc oxide quantum dots synthesized by electrochemical etching of metallic zinc in organic electrolyte and their electrochemiluminescent properties

A universal and facile electrochemical etching method for synthesizing nanosized metal oxide semiconductors has been presented by taking the synthesis of ZnO quantum dots (QDs) from metallic zinc as an example. By applying an appropriate potential, metallic zinc was controllably oxidized to Zn2+ ion, the latter (Zn2+) was released into an organic electrolyte and hydrolyzed by trace dissolved water therein, giving rise to ZnO QDs. The electrochemically synthesized ZnO QDs were uniform particles with an average diameter of 5.0 nm, and exhibited good photoluminescent and electrochemiluminescent activities. The effects of applied potential window, amount of water and dissolved oxygen on the formation of ZnO QDs were investigated and discussed in detail. The presently proposed electrochemical etching method not only has provided a facile, low-cost and controllable way to obtain ZnO QDs, but also would be applicable as a universal method in synthesizing other kinds of nanosized metal oxide semiconductors from related metals.