Genomic determinants of motor and cognitive outcomes in Parkinson’s disease

BackgroundLittle is known regarding genetic factors associated with motor or cognitive outcomes in Parkinson’s disease (PD).ObjectiveTo identify common genetic variants associated with motor and cognitive outcomes in PD.MethodsThe sample consisted of 443 PD cases included in the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PD. Methods included telephone interview assessments of motor and cognitive outcomes, a median 9 years following the initial clinical assessments. Analyses included Cox proportional hazard models to study the association of 198,345 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with survival free of Hoehn and Yahr stage ≥ 4 (motor outcome), and either TICS-M ≤ 27 or AD-8 ≥ 2 (cognitive outcomes).ResultsThe SNP rs10958605 in the C8orf4 gene had the smallest p value in analyses of the motor outcome (HR = 1.81; 95% CI = 1.42–2.31; p = 1.51 × 10−6). The SNP rs6482992 in the CLRN3 gene had the smallest p value in analyses of the cognitive outcome (HR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.47–2.79, p = 4.08 × 10−6). However, no SNP associations were significant after Bonferroni correction. The C8orf4 gene had small p values for both motor and cognitive outcomes, highlighting inflammation as a possible pathogenesis mechanism for progression in PD.ConclusionsThis study suggests that common variants in several genes may be associated with motor and cognitive outcomes in PD, with biological plausibility.