Redox regulated peroxisome homeostasis

•Conserved functions of peroxisomes include β-oxidation of fatty acids and scavenging of ROS.•Peroxisome homeostasis is achieved by coordinating biogenesis and degradation.•Repression of peroxisome biogenesis under oxidative stress.•Superfluous and oxidative damaged peroxisomes are degraded by pexophagy.

Peroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles present in nearly all eukaryotic cells. Conserved functions of peroxisomes encompass beta-oxidation of fatty acids and scavenging of reactive oxygen species generated from diverse peroxisomal metabolic pathways. Peroxisome content, number, and size can change quickly in response to environmental and/or developmental cues. To achieve efficient peroxisome homeostasis, peroxisome biogenesis and degradation must be orchestrated. We review the current knowledge on redox regulated peroxisome biogenesis and degradation with an emphasis on yeasts and plants.

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