Thermodynamic analysis and correlation of solubility of Cefaclor in different solvents from 278.15 to 313.15 K

The solubility of Cefaclor in water, methanol, ethanol and acetone was studied under atmospheric pressure in the 278.15–313.15 K temperature range using a dynamic laser method. The modified Apelblat model and a polynomial equation were used to model the experimental data, and both models provided good fits (R2 > 0.99). The changes in the standard enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy upon dissolution of Cefaclor were calculated to obtain thermodynamics data related to Cefaclor crystallisation. The results show that the dissolution process was endothermic and nonspontaneous, and that the main contributing force was the enthalpy in methanol, ethanol and acetone solvents.