Translational imaging of lymphatics in cancer

Imaging in the lymphatic system has gone through much advancement over the past 70 years since its beginnings. In this review, we will examine the modalities available for lymphatic imaging. We will explore the modern uses of early modalities, such as ultrasound as well as more modern modalities, such as Positron-Emission Tomography (PET). We will also describe some of the new modalities currently in development and their potential uses for the future as well as some of the current imaging modalities being studied in animal models.

Graphical abstractNovel translational imaging modalities for lymphatic imaging are discussed including clockwise from top left: photoacoustic imaging, nanoconjugated drug delivery and imaging using hyaluoranan, and quantum dot imaging.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload high-quality image (285 K)Download as PowerPoint slide