Mineralogy and geochemistry of Greek and Chinese coal fly ash

In this paper the mineralogy and geochemistry of Greek and Chinese coal fly ash are examined. Annual production of fly ash in China is around 160 Mt while in Greece lignite fly ash accounts around 10 Mt. Even though the mineralogical and chemical composition of the fly ashes coming from these two countries differs, there are common questions on the utilization of this material. The variation of the Greek fly ash’ chemical composition, from Ca-poor to Ca-rich fly ash, has resulted to applications such as dam construction, use in cement and possibly in concrete and road construction. The Chinese fly ash, which is rich in mullite, is broadly applied for brick making.