Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
2085339 | European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics | 2012 | 6 Pages |
The purpose of this paper was to study the solubility–permeability interplay in formulation development for oral administration of poor aqueous solubility drugs. The apparent solubility of the lipophilic drug carbamazepine was measured in systems containing various levels of the co-solvent PEG-400. The corresponding permeability was then measured in the PAMPA assay and in the rat jejunal perfusion model. Thermodynamic activity was maintained equivalent in all permeability studies (50% saturation). PEG-400 increased carbamazepine solubility in a concentration-dependent fashion. Decreased carbamazepine intestinal permeability with increased apparent solubility was observed in both PAMPA and rat perfusion models. Additionally, we have shown that the intestinal absorption of carbamazepine is membrane-controlled, with essentially no effective barrier function of the unstirred water layer. A mass transport analysis was employed to describe the solubility–permeability interplay. It was shown that the increased solubility in the aqueous GI milieu reduced the apparent membrane/aqueous partitioning, thereby reducing the driving force for membrane permeability. The model enabled excellent quantitative prediction of the effective permeability as a function of the solubility. In conclusion, a direct tradeoff between solubility increase and permeability decrease has been shown, which has to be accounted for when developing oral formulation for lipophilic drugs.
Graphical abstractThe opposing effects of the co-solvent PEG-400 in a solubility-enabling formulation on carbamazepine apparent solubility and permeability; this solubility-permeability tradeoff may govern the overall in vivo performance of the formulation, and hence should not be overlooked.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload high-quality image (59 K)Download as PowerPoint slide