Hematopoietic cell transplantation for adults with acute myeloid leukemia with minimal residual disease

Early trials of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) did not generally include measurement of minimal residual disease (MRD) at the time of remission. However, the presence of MRD is now considered to be a powerful predictor of outcome for adults with AML in first complete remission. This raises the question of whether MRD positivity in first remission changes the indications for transplant or the transplant approach itself if patients do proceed to transplant with MRD present. This paper will begin to address these issues in adult AML.