Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
2126192 | European Journal of Cancer | 2006 | 14 Pages |
Abstract
Tamoxifen is the drug most used for early breast cancer treatment in oestrogen receptor (ER) positive patients. Unfortunately, despite high ER tumour levels in a tumour, resistance to endocrine therapy, either de novo or acquired after prolonged treatment, can occur. In this review, we will try to summarise the postulated mechanisms of hormonal-resistance, namely, the role of co-regulators and the crosstalk between the HER-2, IGF-IR, Cox-2 and ER pathways. Other predictive markers of tamoxifen-resistance/response, such as cyclin E and UPA/PAI-1, are also discussed.
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Authors
Amalia Milano, Lissandra Dal Lago, Christos Sotiriou, Martine Piccart, Fatima Cardoso,