Matricellular proteins and biomaterials

•Matricellular proteins participate in the foreign body response to biomaterials.•Modulation of matricellular proteins or their components can alter the FBR.•Biomimetic materials can incorporate matricellular proteins or their components.•Matricellular proteins retained in decellularized ECM influence cell function.

Biomaterials are essential to modern medicine as components of reconstructive implants, implantable sensors, and vehicles for localized drug delivery. Advances in biomaterials have led to progression from simply making implants that are nontoxic to making implants that are specifically designed to elicit particular functions within the host. The interaction of implants and the extracellular matrix during the foreign body response is a growing area of concern for the field of biomaterials, because it can lead to implant failure. Expression of matricellular proteins is modulated during the foreign body response and these proteins interact with biomaterials. The design of biomaterials to specifically alter the levels of matricellular proteins surrounding implants provides a new avenue for the design and fabrication of biomimetic biomaterials.