Idiopathic granulomatous orchitis

Idiopathic granulomatous orchitis is a rare inflammatory process of the testis of unknown etiology. It is characterized by presence of non-specific granulomatous inflammation and admixed multinucleated giant cells. It usually presents as a testicular mass which is highly suspicious of malignancy. Histologically, there is extensive destruction of seminiferous tubules with tubular or interstitial pattern of granulomatous inflammation and prominent collagen fibrosis. Trauma and possible auto-antibodies against sperms have been postulated to be the underlying mechanism. Differential diagnoses include intratubular germ-cell neoplasia, malignant lymphomas, and malakoplakia. Orchiectomy is currently the most appropriate therapy for this condition.