Excess parameter studies on the binary mixtures of toluene with ketones at different temperatures

Density, ρ, ultrasonic speed, u, and viscosity, η of binary mixtures of toluene with acetone (AC), ethyl methyl ketone (EMK), and acetophenone (AP), including those of pure liquids are measured over the entire composition range at temperatures (298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K respectively. From these experimental results, deviations in isentropic compressibility, Δks and ultrasonic speed, Δu  , excess intermolecular free length, LfE, excess Gibbs free energy of activation, ΔG∗E  , partial molar volumes (V¯m,1∘,V¯m,2∘,V¯ϕ,1∘,V¯ϕ,2∘) partial molar compressibilities (K¯m,1∘,K¯m,2∘,K¯ϕ,1∘, and K¯ϕ,2∘) and their excess values (V¯m,1∘E,V¯m,2∘E,V¯ϕ,1∘E,V¯ϕ,2∘E,K¯m,1∘E,K¯m,2∘E,K¯ϕ,1∘E, and K¯ϕ,2∘E) of the components at infinite dilution are calculated. The values of Δks   and LfE are found to be negative, and those of Δu and ΔG∗E are found to be positive, indicating the presence of specific interactions between toluene and ketone molecules and the interactions follow the order: AC > EMK > AP.