Mitochondria–endoplasmic reticulum choreography: structure and signaling dynamics

Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) have different roles in living cells but they interact both physically and functionally. A key aspect of the mitochondria–ER relationship is the modulation of Ca2+ signaling during cell activation, which thus affects a variety of physiological processes. We focus here on the molecular aspects that control the dynamics of the organelle–organelle interaction and their relationship with Ca2+ signals, also discussing the consequences that these phenomena have, not only for cell physiology but also in the control of cell death.