Production of micro and nano particles of pharmaceutical by supercritical carbon dioxide

•In micronization via supercritical fluid methods, particles with narrow size distribution were produced.•The supercritical fluid has been used as solvents, antisolvents and solutes.•The product particle size distribution could be controlled by operating variables.

The solubility and bioavailability of pharmaceutical compounds are increased via size reduction. The conventional size reduction methods have some disadvantages. The pharmaceutical micronization with supercritical fluids (SCFs) techniques has been proposed. These methods overcome the disadvantages of conventional methods. Therefore, in this work, literature data analysis on the supercritical fluid micronization has been reviewed. The SC carbon dioxide is usually proposed. Micronization with supercritical fluids is classified based on the role of supercritical fluid in a process. Application of these methods for the pharmaceutical micronization has attracted interest in recent year because the micronized particles with narrow particle size distribution and no organic solvent are produced. These methods are rapid expansion of supercritical solutions (RESS) process, gas antisolvent (GAS) process, supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process, solution enhanced dispersion by supercritical (SEDS) process, aerosol solvent extraction system (ASES), supercritical fluid extraction of emulsions (SFEE), and particle from gas saturated solution (PGSS) process.

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