Validation of partially flexible rod model based on discrete element method using beam deflection and vibration

The dynamics of rods or fibers such as those in toothbrushes, disposable diapers, and fiber-reinforced plastic have not yet been modeled because of the complexity of their nonlinear deformations and the multiple contacts among fibers. To simulate the behavior of the fibers, we developed a partially flexible rod model using some connected particles based on the discrete element method. To validate the model, we performed deflection tests for a cantilever beam and fixed hinged beam, along with a vibration test for the cantilever beam. The developed model showed good agreement with other approaches such as nonlinear beam deflection theory and the finite element method.

Graphical abstractDeformed configurations of Partially Flexible rod models for cantilever beam consisting of 22 particles. The deflection test shows just 3% negligible error with nonlinear beam theory.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Fibers dynamic behavior cannot be simulated by Conventional DEM. ► We model it by connected particles with beams. ► The flexible rod model shows a good agreement with theoretical approaches.