Effect of organic additives on synthesis of copper nano powders by pulsing electrolysis

Pulsing electrolysis is a method to produce high purity nano copper powder. Effect of 5 organic additives, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), polyethylene glycol (PEG), cellulose and thiourea (Tu) in 4 concentrations was studied. It was found that the PVP and SDS remarkably influenced the reduction of mean particle size while PEG and cellulose had slight effect on the mean particle size. Thiourea negatively affected the copper powder and resulted copper sulfide instead of pure copper powder. Produced powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and laser particle size analyzer (LPSA). Among the additives which were studied, the best one was PVP at 2 g/L and the mean particle size was 110 ± 10 nm.

Graphical abstractEffect of 5 organic additives, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), polyethylene glycol (PEG), cellulose and thiourea (Tu) in 4 concentrations was studied. PVP and SDS had remarkable effect on reducing particle size. The best one was PVP at 2 g/L and the particle size was 110 ± 10 nm.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Effect of PVP, SDS, PEG, cellulose and thiourea on particle size was studied. ► PVP and SDS had remarkable effect on reducing particle size. ► The best one was PVP at 2 g/L and the particle size was 110 ± 10 nm. ► PEG and cellulose had little effect on particle size. ► Thiourea contaminated the powder by sulfur and copper sulfide was produced.