Numerical simulations of gas–solid flow in tapered risers

Hydrodynamic behavior of gas–solid flow in tapered risers was simulated using the two-fluid model based on the kinetic theory of granular flow representing the constitutive relations of the solid phase. Present numerical model was verified by comparing with experimentally measured solid mass fluxes, particle concentrations and velocities in column risers. Computed results showed that the core-annular flow structure existing in the column riser may disappear in the tapered risers. The distributions of particle concentration tend to be more uniform in the tapered riser than that in the column riser under the same operating conditions. The uniform particle distribution can be achieved by changing the inclined angle of the tapered riser under specific operating conditions.