Trematode communities in snails can indicate impact and recovery from hurricanes in a tropical coastal lagoon

In September 2002, Hurricane Isidore devastated the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. To understand its effects on the parasites of aquatic organisms, we analyzed long-term monthly population data of the horn snail Cerithidea pliculosa and its trematode communities in Celestún, Yucatán, Mexico before and after the hurricane (February 2001 to December 2009). Five trematode species occurred in the snail population: Mesostephanus appendiculatoides, Euhaplorchis californiensis, two species of the genus Renicola and one Heterophyidae gen. sp. Because these parasites use snails as first intermediate hosts, fishes as second intermediate hosts and birds as final hosts, their presence in snails depends on food webs. No snails were present at the sampled sites for 6 months after the hurricane. After snails recolonised the site, no trematodes were found in snails until 14 months after the hurricane. It took several years for snail and trematode populations to recover. Our results suggest that the increase in the occurrence of hurricanes predicted due to climate change can impact upon parasites with complex life cycles. However, both the snail populations and their parasite communities eventually reached numbers of individuals and species similar to those before the hurricane. Thus, the trematode parasites of snails can be useful indicators of coastal lagoon ecosystem degradation and recovery.

Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload high-quality image (117 K)Download as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Effects of Hurricane Isidore on host density and trematode communities of Cerithidea pliculosa in a tropical coastal lagoon. ► The hurricane removed snails from the coastal lagoon for up to 6 months and trematodes for up to 14 months. ► Snail population density recovered its original biomass after 59–114 months. ► Percentage of infected hosts and trematode species richness recovered to pre-hurricane values after 44–134 months. ► Snail trematodes are suitable indicators of degradation and recovery of tropical coastal lagoons after hurricanes.