Therapeutic evaluation of rutin in two-kidney one-clip model of renovascular hypertension in rat

AimThe current investigation, designed to investigate the role of rutin in two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) induced renovascular dysfunction associated with hypertension in rat.Main methodsThe renovascular hypertension was developed by the application of vascular clip on left renal artery in rats; the right kidney was kept as such throughout the experimental protocol. The rutin (200 and 300 mg/kg; p.o.) and aliskiren (50 mg/kg; p.o.) were administered for 9 consecutive days. The battery of pathophysiological tests i.e., systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and heart rate were performed to assess the anti-hypertensive effect of rutin. In addition, changes of kidney weight/body weight (KW/BW) ratio along with plasma renin content and renal tissue biomarkers i.e., thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBAR) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were estimated.Key findingsThe administration of rutin significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated the 2K1C of left kidney induced elevated systolic and diastolic pressure in a dose dependent manner. In addition, it also reduces the ratio of KW/BW along with a decrease in plasma renin content, tissue TBARS and increase the GSH levels. There were no significant changes observed in heart rate. Similar results were observed in aliskiren treated group.SignificanceThe anti-hypertensive effect of rutin may be a useful herbal medicine for the management of hypertension due to its potential free radical scavenging, inhibition of lipid peroxidation and plasma renin inhibitory action.

Graphical abstractFigure depicted the molecular mechanism of rutin in 2K1C induced renovascular hypertension. The performance of 2K1C of renal artery in rat model is known to produce the renin dependent hypertension in short duration. In addition, it also alters the levels of renin and angiotensin peptides. Furthermore, these molecules induce the vasoconstriction via release of free radical generation and induction of lipid peroxidation causes the renovascular hypertension. Rutin and aliskiren ameliorates the 2K1C of renal artery induced renovascular hypertension in rats via reduction of plasma renin content, free radical scavenging, anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-inflammatory actions.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload high-quality image (79 K)Download as PowerPoint slide