Brain-inspired adaptive models based on motivational and emotional processes

The brain, especially the hypothalamo–limbic system, regulates adaptive mechanisms to preserve individuals and species responding to environmental changes through controlling behaviors, visceral functions and higher cognitive functions. The behavioral and visceral outputs induced by hypothalamic actions are evaluated by the limbic system, which induces emotion. Lateral hypothalamic glucose-sensitive neurons produce orexin-A and -B and send fibers to the diverse brain areas, including the limbic system and monoamine systems. A microinjection of orexin-A into the limbic system modulates feeding, exploratory behavior, emotion, learning and memory, suggesting its heterogeneous functions. The brain-inspired information technology based on analyses of neural mechanisms to control motivation and emotion provides good insight in developing emotion detecting and behavior controlling systems. Even simple models based on the brain systems show dynamic properties of complex adaptive control of homeostatic functions.