The emergence of manganese-related health problems in Quebec: An integrated approach to evaluation, diagnosis, management and control

This paper describes the strategy developed in Quebec to deal with an emerging problem: manganism in welders. Only two cases of manganism had been reported to the Commission de la santé et de la sécurité du travail (CSST, Workers Compensation Board in Quebec) before 2000. In the fall of 2001, the CSST was informed of a possible cluster of manganism and received 20 compensation claims from one plant. Action was rapidly taken to understand and tackle this emerging problem.Under the leadership of the CSST, a coordinating working group implemented medical and environmental subcommittees involving representatives of the different partners of the prevention network. After a literature review to document the health risks associated with manganese and the lack of some important information, a panel of international experts was formed to try to reach agreement on the parameters to consider in the diagnosis and management of manganism. The CSST compensation management policies would be adjusted accordingly. Simultaneously, all the available industrial hygiene data were analyzed to estimate where and at what levels workers were exposed to manganese. To complete these data, the exposure of workers in more than 50 industrial plants was evaluated and existing control measures were documented. All these data have been presented for a revision of the Quebec permissible exposure limit (PEL).In this integrated approach, the next step targets the formation of neurologists and neuropsychologists for a standardized medical evaluation, to complete workplace evaluation in the high risk sectors, inform workers and employers and recommend control measures where required, based on a revised PEL. Many strategies will be used to inform the prevention network (about 1000 people), employers and employees of the risks of overexposure to manganese and of the measures to control exposure in all the plants where workers are susceptible to be exposed to manganese.