Quelle attitude avoir devant un malade hospitalisé pour un syndrome fébrile sévère au retour d'un pays tropico-équatorial ?

Fever is the most common leading cause of medical seeking for travelers returning from the tropics. Malaria is the main etiology, followed by dengue fever, viral hepatitis or enteric fever, all of which may be life threatening. Malaria should always be ruled out. Epidemiological and travel assessment is a key diagnostic point since many diseases may have the same clinical presentation and several require rapid and strict isolation to prevent nosocomial contamination. Specific diagnostic methods and preemptive specific treatments are exposed. Several frequent or emerging important diseases are also detailed.