Autonomic nervous system function, child behavior, and maternal sensitivity in three-year-old children with surgically corrected transposition

ObjectivesExplore relationships among autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, child behavior, and maternal sensitivity in three-year-old children with surgically corrected transposition of the great arteries (TGA) and in children healthy at birth.BackgroundChildren surviving complex congenital heart defects are at risk for behavior problems. ANS function is associated with behavior and with maternal sensitivity.MethodChild ANS function (heart rate variability) and maternal sensitivity (Parent–Child Early Relational Assessment) were measured during a challenging task. Mother completed the Child Behavior Checklist. Data were analyzed descriptively and graphically.ResultsChildren with TGA had less responsive autonomic function and more behavior problems than healthy children. Autonomic function improved with more maternal sensitivity.ConclusionAlterations in ANS function may continue years after surgical correction in children with TGA, potentially impacting behavioral regulation. Maternal sensitivity may be associated with ANS function in this population. Continued research on relationships among ANS function, child behavior, and maternal sensitivity is warranted.