Rasburicase in the prevention and treatment of tumour lysis syndrome

SummaryTumour lysis syndrome (TLS) can be a life threatening complication of cancer therapy where cells undergo overwhelming lysis. The result is a pattern of metabolic abnormalities leading to acute renal failure and possible coagulopathy. Prophylactic pharmaceutical interventions can prevent this syndrome in almost all patients reducing possible admission to the intensive care unit.This article reviews the clinical efficacy, side effect profile, dosing and administration of rasburicase, an intravenous recombinant urate oxidase used in patients at risk of Tumour lysis syndrome due to a high tumour burden or where treatment is required.Rasburicase is an expensive but effective treatment option in the prevention and treatment of tumour lysis syndrome.