Celiac Disease: An Overview and Management for Primary Care Nurse Practitioners

Celiac disease, a multisystem, immune-mediated disorder, has evolved into a more prevalent disorder than once thought. The latest studies suggest that approximately 3 million Americans are affected, with many more undiagnosed. Diagnosis is often difficult, as clinical symptoms vary from overt, classical presentations to more atypical and asymptomatic manifestations. Early diagnosis with serologic testing and small bowel biopsy is the gold standard. Adherence to a strict gluten-free diet is the only treatment in achieving remission and preventing complications. This article discusses the disease pathogenesis, the broad constellation of clinical features, comprehensive diagnosis and management, and advanced practice nursing implications.