Neonatal Short Bowel Syndrome

Short bowel syndrome is a complex state of malabsorption and malnutrition resulting from massive intestinal resection. After resection, the remaining intestine undergoes a process of adaptation in an effort to replace lost intestinal function. Complications from short bowel syndrome include severe diarrhea; vitamin and nutrient malabsorption; and increased risks of sepsis, central line complications, and development of liver disease. Treatment is primarily supportive and focuses on enhancing the adaptation process and optimization of growth. In cases of extremely short bowel length, poor adaptation, and/or development of life-threatening complications, organ transplantation may be the best option for treatment.