Quelle évaluation pour les produits phytopharmaceutiques ?

Plant protection products are composed of active substances, which give them the required properties, (herbicides, insecticides, fungicides or other activities). The placing on the market of these products is strictly regulated. Directive 91/414/EEC and currently Regulation (EC) no 1107/2009, implemented by other regulations including Regulation (EU) no 546/2011 which deals with the criteria of acceptability of risk, are detailed documents that indicate the technical data to be submitted, as well as appropriate, methodologies to be followed, and specify the thresholds beyond which the risk must be considered unacceptable. The active substances are assessed and approved at the European level; on the other hand, preparations are evaluated at the zonal level and authorized by each Member State. Assessment of active substances and preparations focuses on a characterization of their physico-chemical properties and identification of intrinsic hazards but also risks taking into account the level of estimated exposure within the claimed agricultural practice. Three main categories of risk are evaluated for each agricultural practice: risks for the operator, the worker, the bystander, the residents; risks for consumers and risks for the environment and for terrestrial and aquatic organisms.