Pseudoaneurysm of the Perforating Peroneal Artery After Ankle Fracture Fixation: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Pseudoaneurysm formation around the ankle area is a very rare complication of an anatomic region that is highly exposed to trauma. A review of the published medical data revealed the rarity of the condition. Pseudoaneurysms of the perforating branch of the peroneal artery account for only 8 in the published data, with 6 (75%) cases related to sprain injury and only 2 (25%) to fracture fixation. We present a pseudoaneurysm of the perforating peroneal artery after a bimalleolar ankle fracture in a patient taking warfarin and a review of the published data. Our patient was treated successfully with thrombin embolization, and at 6 weeks after embolization, she remained completely free of symptoms.